Pipe-wrench



(No Model.) 'Y

y H. WHITE.

' PIPE WRENCH.

No. 537,256'. Patented'Apr. 9.18.95.

` NrTED STATES f "PATENT Erica.

HENRY M. WHITE, OF ONEIDA, NEW YORK.

PIPE-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 537,256, dated April 9,1895. Application met Auguazs, 1894. sean No. 521,483. cromada.)

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, HENRY M. WHITE, a citil zen of t-he United States,residing at Oneida,

in the county of Madison and State of New York, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Pipe-Wrenches; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is aside elevation of myimproved pipe-wrench; Fig. 2, a top plan thereof; Fig.

3, an enlarged sectional detail of one of the j aws-the stationary oneherein being shown .for exemplification; Fig. 4e, an enlarged detail ofthe jaw as appearing at its front or grippingface; Fig. 5, an enlargedtop plan detail of the jaw, with portions broken away for clearerillustration of underlying parts; Fig. 6, an enlarged sectional detailsimilar to that of Fig. 3, but that the laminar toothed bodyappertaining to the jaw (or jaws) Vis indicated in an inclined positionfor proper sharpening of the teeth, instead of its normal operativeposition for gripping service; and Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail-topplan-of one of the beveled edge plates of the series formingalaminatedserrated `or toothed body for the re spective jaws of the Wrench.

Similar letters and figures of reference denote corresponding partsthroughout the several views.

My invention broadly has reference to that class of gripping tools knownas wrenches, and especially to that sub-class thereof denominatedpipe-wrenches and peculiarly adapted for the gripping and manipulatingof pipes, tubes, rods, and analogous uses; and specifically my inventionhas direct reference to the construction of the stationary and movable jaw members of wrenches of the species stated.

The prime object and intent of my invention is, the production of` aWrench provided with jaws and teeth so constructed and arranged as toadmit of the ready and expeditious sharpening of the teeth appertainingto a particular jaw concurrently and uniformly; the simultaneous andaccurate sharpening of the teeth of a laminar block or body while sameis in connection with a jaw head; the

utilization of separable teeth forming a com-v ponent part of alaminated gripping body removably and adj ustably seated in a jaw head;the insuring of the series of beveled-edge plates constituting a laminarserrated body remaining compact and stationary in a jaw for gripping;and in the detachability of a single plate or a series for replacementby new ones in the jaw or jaws-when desirable.

My invention consists in the novel features of construction,arrangement,co-adaptation,

and operation, hereinafter described; and specifically set forth in theannexed claims.

VReferring to the accompanying drawings illustrative of my improvedpipewrench,A denotes the stationary jaw, which, except as to its forwardand upward teeth retaining portion, may be of the formation shown or anycommon or preferred form, and'A is the customary handle extendinglineally rearward from said jaw member wherewith it is integral.

- B is the movable or adjustable jaw member, of any ordinary orpreferred formation except as to its upper teeth-provided portion, andBindicates a threaded stem or arm extending rearwardly from the bottomof the jaw a suitable distance, said screw stem being longitudinallymovable through the. stationary jaw member supporting it in any ordinaryor preferred way, while C is a customary cylindrical adj usting nut,located in a recess of the jaw, and working on the stem B of the jaw B,the rotation ofy the nut obviously Y,causing approach or retreat of themovable jaw in reference to the stationary one.

DD are recesses or slots formed vertically in the head portions l l ofthe respectivejaws AB, and forming seats for the laminar teeth--provided bodies or blocks E E hereinafter to be specifically described,which slots lie longitudinally central the heads of the jaws, andopening out lineally the same both upwardly and forwardly as at a, b,respectively; the sides and inner end of the slotted seats beingvertical and the bottom horizontal and at a right-angle to theaforementioned.

` In plan the retaining seats D D are of T- configuration, the neck orcontracted portion c extending centrally inward from the front face ofthe head of a jaw a medium distance and vthen terminating in thetransverse en- ICO e senese larged orifice all as clearly shown forth inthe drawings.

The laminated blocks or bodies E E carrying the gripping teeth of therespective jaws A B and retained in the mortse-like seats of the jawheads, comprise respectively a series of plates, e, preferably ofcasehardened steel of moderate thickness, laid Iiatwise one uponanother, and each of corresponding length, width and thickness. In planeach plate e presents an I contiguration or boundary, the neck and smallheaded end thereof atwise loosely fitting and dropping into the portionsc, d, respectively, which form the slotted retaining seat D of each jaw,while the larger headed end, beveled at its outer straight edge to forma gripping-tooth, lies in front of the face of the jaw-head, closely orrather quite near thereto. The inner edges of the large head portion ofthe plates e are rounded or convex, and also both the forward andrearward edges of the smallerhead portion thereof. Obviously, to insureproper gripping of an object the toothed plates of one jaw are sodisposed that the bevels creating the teeth lie parallel, while in theopposite jaw the series of plates are so laid that the beveled edges ofthe teeth lie parallel on planes antagonistic to those pertaining to thecompanion jaw.

As is evident, the offsets ff of the walls of seatsDof thejaws serve asshoulders against forward displacement of the toothplates under anyconditions.

F F are bridge or yoke plates of Il-shape removably secured to the upperpart of the head portions of the jaws, their front edge standing flushwith the forward vertical edge of the respective jaws; the horizontalstraight portion of the bridge-plate lying upon the top of the jaw headand bridging the open seat D, and the arms thereof extending a distancedown either side of the jaw and provided with machine screws G, G,working therein and screwing into or tightly iinpinging the sides of thejaw head, the slitted heads of the screws rendering by the use of ascrew-driver the loosening or tightening of said screws an easy matter.

H is a clamping-screw provided with a rounded slitted head, said screwworking centrally through the horizontal bridge-plate, and bearingtightly upon the upper plate e of the laminated toothed body E binds theseveral plates immovably together and the laminar body rigidly in theseat therefor in the jaw members, and in condition for requisiteoperation of the teeth, an auxiliary bearing being insured theoutstanding tooth portions of the plates by the under shoulder gprojecting slightly beyond the front face of each jaw liush with thebottom of the seat D thereof, and thus strengthening the row of teeth,the operative position of, and retention of the gripping plates beingwell brought out in Figs. 3, 4, and 5, and to some degree in the rst twoviews.

The teeth requiring sharpening, and the tooth plates e being disposed intheir seats as exemplified in Fig. 3, as to position of same and thebevels of the teeth, I retract the clamp-screwll a requisite degree,then grasp the body of tooth plates and swing the same upwardly to suchincline that the beveled edges of the plates lie substantially lineal ona corresponding plane parallel to the face of the head of the jaw, (seeFig. 6,) the upward forward portion of the top plate e of the laminatedand compact body E impinging the forward edge of the above bridge plateF, and the downward rearward end of the lowermost plate of the seriesabutting the contiguous rear corner of the mortise seat. Vtfhile therear ends of the plates abut against the back wall of the seat and therear edges of the beveled heads abut the front face of the jaw head ateither side the mortise seat, I take in hand a metallic wedge J andcrowd it tightly in between the under forward portion of the bottomplate e of the series and the shoulder g of the jaw, coincidentlyrotating (if not already done) the clamp-screw I-I that it will pressfirmly against the top surface of the upper plate e. Arranged asdescribed, all that is essential for the proper grinding and sharpeningof the teeth is, to hold same against a revolving grindstone or emerywheel and almost instantaneously the several teeth will concurrentlyattain the proper and uniform bevel which being accomplished the wedgeis withdrawn permitting the laminar body to re-assume the operativeposition indicated in Fig. 3, the., the clamp-screw being screwed downagainst the plates, and everything in readiness for service. Therounding of the portions ot' the plates c, as hereinbefore referred to,admits ofthe easy swinging upward or downward of same when essential ordesirable.

Any suitable metal may be employed in the construction of my device.

For the removal of the tooth-plates or the substitution of new ones, allthat is necessary is to detach the bridge-plate from position, replacingit when the plates are in position, and screwing it firmly in place.

The exceeding value and utility of my in lvention are evident, insuringas it does a simple and serviceable Wrench, and in particular admittingof the ready replacing of damaged or excessively worn teeth, as well asexpeditious sharpening of a number of teeth concurrently, in lieu of theemployment of the slow and laborious manner and means common to the useof the forms of wrenches now in use, and which drawbacks ordisadvantages are thoroughly overcome by my in vention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. A wrench havingajaw, orjaws, provided with a recess, or recesses,which extend vertically in the jaw, or jaws, guide slots in the lateralwalls of the recesses, and a series of IOO IIC

plates, forming teeth, placed in each slotted recess, and a set screwfor each series of plates to hold them rigidly in contact with eachother, substantially as shown.

2. A wrench provided with one or more jaws, having a shouldered recess,or recesses, formed therein, a series of plates forming teeth, andshaped at their inner ends to Acorrespond to the shape of the shoulderedrecess or recesses, a removable bridge which spans the open end of eachrecess, and a clamping screw for holding each series of plates rigidlyin contact, the sides of the recesses forming guiding walls to preventthe plates from being displaced endwise substantially as described.

8. A wrench having a T- shapedV recess formed in one of its jaws and aseries of sharp edged plates having their inner ends made T-shaped, abridge spanning the top of the recess, and a set screw passing throughthe bridge, to clamp the plates together, substantially as set forth.

4. A wrench comprising a stationary and a movable jaw, a series ofbeveled metallic plates ,detachably retained in a gripping position byslots or recesses in said jaws, and means for permitting the adjustmentof the plates while in the jaws for simultaneous sharpening of theirouter ends, substantially as described.

5. A wrench having a recess in'its jaw, provided with side slots, aseries of movable plates, forming teeth, placed therein, and a means forsupporting a clamping screw, combined with the clamping screw; theplates being adapted to be raised at an angle in the jaw, clampedtogether in that position and sharpened simultaneously, the sides of therecesses forming guiding walls to prevent the .plates frombeing'displaced endwise substantiallyY as shown.`

In testimony whereof I affix my signature,

in presence ot' two Witnesses, this 13th day of February, 1894.

HENRY M. WHITE.

Witnesses:

WM. C. RAYMOND, E. KANKEMOELLER.

